Langsung ke konten utama

Six Kingdom Classification System (According to Woese 1977)

Six Kingdom Classification System (According to Woese 1977)
Sunday, May 7, 2017





Initially the experts only classify living things into two kingdoms, namely the kingdom of plants and animal kingdom. The foundations of experts classify living things into two kingdoms:
The fact that plant cell cells have cell walls composed of cellulose. Plants have chlorophyll so they can make their own food through the process of photosynthesis and can not move and animals do not have cell walls while animals can not make their own food, and can generally migrate.
But there are plants that can not make their own food, the fungus (fungi). Means, different plants with mushrooms then taxonomists then classify living things into three groups, namely Plantae (plant), Fungi (mushrooms), and Animalia (animals).
After the experts know the structure of the cell (the composition of the cell) to be sure, living things are grouped into four kingdoms, namely Prokaryotes, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia, This grouping is based on the presence or absence of cell nuclear membrane. Cells that have a nuclear membrane are called eukaryotic cells, cells that have no nuclear membrane are called prokaryotic cells.
In 1969 Robert H. Whittaker classified living beings into five kingdoms, Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia. This grouping is based on the arrangement of cells, the way living things meet their food, and the level of living things. However, this system is then changed by splitting the kingdom monera into kingdom Eubacteria and Archaebacteria.

Explanation of Classification System of Living Beings Six Kingdoms:

Kingdom Eubacteria
The creatures of living in the Kingdom Eubacteria are single cell (unicellular). Living creatures included in the Eubacteria kingdom have prokaryotic cells (simple cells that do not have capsules as their outermost layers and cell walls inside). Eubacteria are also known as bacteria.
Kingdom Archaebacteria
In 1977 a microbiologist named Carl Woese and other researchers from the University of Illinois discovered a group of bacteria that had unique characteristics and different from other members of the Monera kingdom. The group is called Archaebacteria. Archaebacteria is closer to eukaryotic creatures than other bacteria that are prokraiot. This led to the creation of a kingdom classification system of the kingdom kingdom kingdom Archaebacteria of other members of the kingdom Monera which is called Eubacteria kemudaian. But until now recognized as a standard classification system is a system of Five Kingdom found by Whittaker.
Living things in Kingdom Archaebacteria are not much different from those in Kingdom Eubacteria because they were once a Kingdom. However Archaebacteria generally hold up in more extreme environments.

Kingdom Protista
Living things incorporated in the Protista kingdom have eukaryotic cells. Protista has a body composed of one cell or many cells but not differentiated. Protista generally has properties between animals and plants. This group consists of protists resembling plants (algae), Protista resembles a fungus, and Protista resembles an animal (Protozoa, Protos: first, zoa: animal). Protozoa has a classification based on its motion system, Flagellata / Mastigophora (whip hair, eg Euglena, Volvox, Noctiluca, Trypanosoma, and Trichomonas), Cilliata / Infusiora (shaking hair, Paramaecium example), Rhizopoda / Sarcodina (pseudo-feet, Amoeba example) , And Sporozoa (has no motion device, eg Plasmodium).
Kingdom Fungi (Mushroom)
Fungi have eukaryotic cells. Fungi can not make their own food. How to eat is heterotroph, which absorbs organic substances from the environment so that life is parasitic and saprofit. This group consists of all mushrooms, except slime mold (Myxomycota) and water fungi (Oomycota). Some class groups include:

A. Class Myxomycetes (mushroom lendes) example of his Physarum policephalius.
B. Phycomycetes class (algae fungi) for example the mushroom tempe (Rhizopus oryzae, mucor mue)


Kingdom Plantae (Plants)
The plant consists of moss plants (Bryophyta), nail plants (Pteridophyta), open seed plants (Gymnospermae), and enclosed seed plants (Angiospermae).
Kingdom Animalia (Animals)
Animals have eukaryotic cells. Its body is composed of many cells that have differentiated form a network. Animals can not make their own food so it is heterotrophic. This group consists of all animals, ie vertebrate animals (invertebrates / invertebrates) and vertebrates (vertebrates).

Komentar

Posting Komentar

Postingan populer dari blog ini

Enzim aktivitesi üzerine pH etkisi

Enzim aktivitesi üzerine pH etkisi BÖLÜM I GİRİŞ Arkaplan Enzimlergeniş bir yelpazede hizmet fonksiyonları canlı organizmaların içindekivermektedir.Bunlariçin sinyal iletimi genelliklevasıtasıyla,ve hücre regülasyonu kinazlar ve fosfatazlar vazgeçilmezdir.Onlar daile hareket miyozin oluşturmak içinhidroliz ATP kas kasılması bir parçası olarak hücrenin etrafındave aynı zamanda hareketli yük hücre iskeletinin oluşturmak.Hücre zarındaki Diğer ATPazlarbulunmaktadır. iyon pompaları katılan aktif taşıma Enzimler aynı zamanda,hafifdaha egzotik işlevler yer lusiferaz üreten ateş böceği almaktadır. Virüsler de olarak enfekte hücreleri için enzimler içerenolabilir. HIVintegraz ve ters transkriptaz ya da hücrelerden virüs serbest bırakılması için,gibi influenza virüs nöraminidaz enzimlerin önemli bir işlevi,sindirimbir sisteminde hayvanların Bu türgibi enzimler amilaz ve proteazlar büyük moleküller yıkmak, (nişasta veya proteinler, küçük olanları iç...
Posting Komentar
Baca selengkapnya

Contoh Laporan Biologi “Pengamatan Mikroskopis”

BAB I PENDAHULUAN A.     Latar Belakang Benda yang sangat rumit penyusunnya adalah makhluk hidup. Pada makhluk hidup baik manusia, hewan maupun tumbuhan terdiri dari organ-organ yang menyusunnya. Dan organ-organ itu sendiri terdiri dari jaringan-jaringan yang menyusunnya. Organ pada makhluk hidup memilik peranan yang sangat vital bagi makhluk hidup itu sendiri. Karen a jika salah satu jaringan pada makhluk hidup tidak berjalan sesuai dengan fungsinya, maka makhluk hidup itu boleh dikatakan tidak sempurna. Secara struktural, tubuh tumbuhan  sama dengan tubuh hewan, yaitu tersusun oleh berbagai jaringan dan organ yang saling mendukung untuk melangsungkan fungsi dan aktivitas hidup. Jaringan merupakan sekumpulan sel yang mempunyai bentuk, fungsi dan sifat yang sama. Untuk membentuk suatu jaringan, sel-sel mengalami spesialisasi dan diferensiasi. Jaringan-jaringan akan menyusun diri menjadi suatu pola yang jelas diseluruh bagian tumbuhan dan hewan. Ja...
Posting Komentar
Baca selengkapnya

Biology Report " Anatomy of Vertebrata "

Biology Report " Anatomy of Vertebrata "  CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION A.     Background As has been described in several books, phylum cordata divided into 4 sub-phyla, the sub-phylum of vertebrates are animals make a group having chordate brain, is relatively large, protected by the bones of the skull (Cranium oss). Booster body is composed of the axis segments of the spine (vertebral column). Body is generally divided into the head (cephal), neck (cervix), body (truncus) and tail (cauda). Animal body consists of various organs of the body. Organs that work together in implementing a higher functioning form organ systems. Observation of an animal needed surgery to facilitate observing the shape, position and relationship with other people. The green frog that can be explained here is about the transportation system (blood circulation), digestive system, respiratory system, excretion and reproduction. Frog circulatory instrument consists of th...
Posting Komentar
Baca selengkapnya